History
Machine building design bureau `Iskra` named after I.I.Kartukov was established in 1946 in accordance with the Aviation Technology State Committee Order of March 22, 1946 on the basis of the experimental design bureau of Chief designer comrade Kartukov I.I., who worked in the aviation industry from 1936.It was originally called State Union Factory № 81.
In accordance with the Resolution of the USSR Council of Ministers of September 8 , 1964 and the Order of the Minister of Aviation Industry of April 30, 1966, Senior State Factory № 81 was renamed Moscow Machine building Factory `ISKRA`.
By order of the Minister of Aviation Industry of June 22, 1990 the factory was renamed Machine building design bureau `Iskra` (GOC MDB `Iskra`).
In 2002 GOC MDB `Iskra` was transformed into Joint-Stock Company `Machine building design bureau `Iskra` named after I.I.Kartukov`and became part of Joint-Stock Company “Tactical Missiles " Corporation (former State Research and Development Center `Zvezda-Strela`)
On February 12 1985 for the achievement in the development of innovative technologies `Machine building design bureau `Iskra` was awarded the Order of the Badge of Honor.
During the existence of the enterprise several hundreds of its employees were awarded orders and medals, many employees were awarded honorary degrees.
Those, who distinguished themselves, became Lenin Prize, State Prize and Government Prize laureates.
In connection with the 65th anniversary of its establishment (March 22, 2011) and for its great services, JSC `Iskra` named after I.I.Kartukov was awarded the Diploma of the Government of the Russian Federation for the great contribution to the Aviation Industry.
ABOUT IVAN IVANOVICH KARTUKOV
Ivan Ivanovich Kartukov – one of the founders and the first chief designer of the factory.
He was born on 27 (13) October, 1904 in Orel in a simple worker’s family. At the age of 11 he was employed by the Ammunition factory of Orel as a mechanic`s assistant. At the age of 17, due to the shutdown of the factory he was employed by the 1st Proletarian Machine building Factory. After a year he had to go to work as a loader at Orel station of Moscow-Kursk railway. In 1920 he volunteered to the Red Army. At the end of the cavalry courses Ivan Ivanovich was sent to a special purpose flying squadron of Orel-Vitebsk Railway. After the squadron was discontinued he was employed as a mechanic at the Machine building Factory named after Medvedev. In 1926 he was sent to study at the workers' faculty in Leningrad, and right upon graduation he was sent to Moscow to study at the Bauman Moscow State Technical School. He combined studies at the mechanical faculty of the Bauman Moscow State Technical School with his work as an air weaponry engineer in the Central Institute of Aerohydrodynamics and the Ilyushin experimental design bureau. He was a perfect specialist when he came to work at the well-known aircraft factory №39 named after V.R.Menzinsky. In 1937 he left his post as head of the military brigade in the Central Design Bureau named after S.V. Ilyushin and on the recommendation of S.V. Ilyushin and A.N.Tupolev he was appointed as air weaponry chief designer of the recently established specialized experimental design bureau of factory №145 named after S.M.Kirov. There Ivan Ivanovich worked on the development and production of special airplane weaponry: aircraft gas sprayers, functional chemical devices and also dispensers for aircraft bombs of small and medium-size caliber. On September 21 by I.V.Stalin’s decree I.I.Kartukov among the best 25specialists of aircraft industry was conferred a Doctor of Science degree without defending a thesis. In October 1941 factory № 145 was evacuated to Kuibyshev (Krasnaya Glinka station). In the summer of 1942 in Bolshevo, Moscow area, on the basis of the labor commune a branch of evacuated factory №145 was established. Later a small group of engineers and factory workers was returned to the factory and a year later the experimental design bureau headed by Ivan Ivanovich also moved to the area, which by that time had already been called Factory № 455 .
In 1946, the experimental design bureau named after I.I.Kartukov moved to a new place which was earlier occupied by the Lavochkin aircraft design bureau. It was situated in Leningradski Prospect, which remains its location up to now. In the early years of the company, Ivan Ivanovich developed and produced firing mechanisms for ejection seats crews, including 3M and M-4 of V.I.Myasischev . In early 1950s, the design bureau began to develop propellant rocket engines for "air-to-air ", " air-to-ground ", " ship-to- shore " and " ship-to-ship "missiles as well as first-stage engine antiaircraft missiles . Later on while gaining experience numerous activities aimed at the development of new means of aircraft crew recovery, space vehicles and a soft landing of landers were performed under the guidance of Ivan Ivanovich . Special attention was paid to the creation of gas generators used in submarines emergency recovery and launch systems of aircraft engines. Since then more than 200 types of solid motors and gas generators have been put into service. Many products developed under Ivan Ivanovich’s guidance are in service and in operation up to now. Ivan Kartukov - author of more than 50 inventions, twice Commander of the Red Star , was awarded two Orders of Lenin ,the Order of the Badge of Honor , the Order of the October Revolution, the Order of the Red Banner of Labor, medals "For the Defense of Moscow " and "For Valorous Labor ". In 1942 he became Stalin Prize laureate, in 1965 - Lenin prize laureate, and in 1985 he was awarded the State Prize. Ivan Ivanovich worked as chief designer till 1987, and when retired he willingly shared his experience with young professionals. Ivan Ivanovich died on June 22, 1991 and was buried in Troyekurovskoye cemetery in Moscow.
On the occasion of the centenary of Ivan Ivanovich Kartukov’s birth, taking into consideration his invaluable contribution to the development of Russian machinery, the Federation of Cosmonautics of Russia established a commemorative medal.
